Global Ecological Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global Ecological Justice - Essay Example While it is a fact that not everybody is moved to action because of the ecological plight of others, especially those in future generation, it is still the duty of the current generation to ensure that there is proper consciousness concerning the environment. It is a fact that if the current generation does not meet this obligation to the future ones, then there is the possibility that future generations will look back upon it with resentment because of the failed responsibility (Niazi, 2010). It is in the interest of the current generation to ensure that the sustainability of the planet and as well as the survival of the human race, is highly dependent on the achievement of the ecological justice that has to be attained for future generations. If no account is kept in the current era for the protection of the ecological interests of future generations, there is little assurance that the ecology will be maintained for future generations to enjoy, therefore resulting in crisis (Visvan athan, 2006).There are some who have argued that there is no need for attention to be given to future generations because their protection has already been considered in the laws that protect current generations (Boyce et al, 2007). They would further argue that the creation of laws aimed at protecting the environment are based on the protection of future generations hence there is no need to take an active part in ecological justice. Since most of the rules concerning modernity state that individuals should live in the present. and forget about the future, many individuals have come not to take any action to ensure that the environment is protected and maintained (Weston, 2012). In fact, it can be said that most individuals believe that the best way to live is to live in the present and forget about the future because it will take care of itself. Although it is necessary to protect the rights of the current generation before that of the future, the rights of this generation should not be allowed to overshadow the main priority of environmental protection which is its preservation for the future. It has therefore become necessary to ensure that there is a balance between the ecological interests of the current generations as well as those of the future so that there is no conflict of interest in the long run. If intergenerational justice is

Therapeutic Touch : Its Effectiveness On Surgical Incision Site Pain Es

Therapeutic Touch : Its Effectiveness On Surgical Incision Site Pain INTRODUCTION Therapeutic touch has been shown to decrease patients anxiety levels and increase their pain tolerance levels when other more mainstream therapies have not been completely effective. "Therapeutic touch is a process by which energy is transmitted from one person to another for the purpose of potentiating the healing process of one who is ill or injured." (Heidt, 1981; Krieger, 1979; Lionberger, 1985; Randolph, 1984; Kramer, 1990). In my capacity as a nursing student on a medical- surgical unit, I have noticed an increase in pain medication requests among patients with incision site pain and a minimal use of alternative therapies for this pain management. With the use of therapeutic touch nurses can regain a closeness with patients and also have a direct effect on their pain level. Therefore the purpose of this study will be to determine if therapeutic touch is an effective intervention for patients experiencing surgical incision site pain within the first forty-eight hours after surgery. PROBLEM STATEMENT The question posed for study is: "Is therapeutic touch an effective intervention for decreasing a patients surgical site pain within the first forty-eight hours after surgery?". The independent variable is therapeutic touch. The dependant variable is decreasing surgical site pain. The population to be studied will be patients on a thirty bed medical-surgical floor of a Lake Charles hospital. Fifty surgical patients will be studied over a four week period. The patients will be randomly selected to avoid any bias by the researcher. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROBLEM "... therapeutic touch is a nursing intervention that has the potential for eliciting a state of physiological relaxation in patients and for decreasing patients anxiety" (Heidt, 1991). The use of therapeutic touch is very important to the nursing community. The need for immediate intervention in acute or chronic pain could be handled at the bedside with no need to await a doctor's order for pharmacological intervention. Anxiety could be lessened to let patients rest more comfortably in the stressful hospital environment. Also teaching could be enhanced in the less anxious and more pain free client.... ...al Nursing, 31, (2), 19-22. Keller, E., MSN,RN-C, Bzdek, V.M., PhD, RN, (1986). Effects of therapeutic touch on tension headache pain. Nursing Research, 35, (2), 101-106. Kramer, N.A., MSN, RN, (1990). Comparison of therapeutic touch and casual touch in stress reduction of hospitalized children. Pediatric Nursing, 16, (5), 483-485. Mathews, K.M., RN, MN, SCM, (1991). Mothers' satisfaction with their neonates' breast feeding behaviors. Journal of Gynecological and Neonatal Nursing, 20, (1), 48-55. Polit, D.F., PhD, Hungler, B.P., RN,PhD, (1993). Essentials of nursing research methods, appraisal, and utilization (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott company. Publication manual of the american psychological association (6th ed.). (1995). Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association. Quinn, J.F., RN, PhD, FAAN, Strelkauskas, A.J., PhD, (1993). Psychoimmunologic effects of therapeutic touch on practitioners and recently bereaved recipients: A pilot study. Advances in Nursing Science, 15, (4), 13-26.

Debate between booker T and dubois Essay

The debate between Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Dubois turned out to be one of the greatest intellectual as well as inspiring battles in our United States history. This great debate sparked the interest of African Americans and whites throughout the entire country. Both men had distinct views on how blacks should go about progressing politically, socially, as well as financially here in the United States. Both Du Bois and Washington wanted African-Americans to have the same rights as white Americans; But Du Bois encouraged African-Americans to demand equal rights, while Washington, on the other hand, often ignored discrimination. He believed that it was important for blacks to develop good relationships with whites because He was afraid that blacks who demanded equal rights would create bitterness between themselves and white Americans. Dubois ridiculed Mr. Washington’s tactics believing Washington’s accommodations program asked blacks to give up political power, insistence on civil rights, and higher education for Negro youth. Although Bois was ridiculed by these tactics he still respected him he says â€Å"Among his own people, however, Mr. Washington has encountered the strongest and most lasting opposition, amounting at times to bitterness, and even today continuing strong and insistent even though largely silenced in outward expression by the public opinion of the nation. Some of this opposition is, of course, mere envy; the disappointment of displaced demagogues and the spite of narrow minds† (W. E. B Dubois 3) While their strategy may have differed, both of these remarkable men had a common goal in the uplift of the black community. Born into slavery on April 5, 1856 Booker T. Washington would become an educator, author, and before his passing one of the most influential leaders during his time. Mr. Washington views for social, economic and political growth differed immensely from his counterpart w. e. b Dubois. Unlike Washington web Dubois grew up free in a community that was relatively tenant and integrated, he would become the first African American to graduate with a doctorate from Harvard University. Booker did not believe having equal rights was a necessity evident by the Atlanta compromise speech Washington says â€Å"In all things purely social we can be as separate as the five fingers, and yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress. † (Washington). Booker T. Washington main focus was on having education for real life jobs that he believed would eventually turn African Americans in an economic powerhouse or at least dig themselves out of the financial whole they were already in. He believed by working hard and playing second fiddle to the white man would ultimately give black America the equal rights and respect that they always wanted. WEB Dubois focused on the exact opposite things that of Booker T. Washington. Unlike Washington, Dubois felt that inequality with whites was one of the utmost importance issues facing black America. Dubois demanded for all black citizens to have the right to vote, civic equality, and give our young blacks the right to a proper education. Dubois firmly believed that persistent agitation, political action, and academic education would be the means to achieve full citizenship rights for black Americans. His educational philosophy directly influenced his political approach. He stressed the need for liberal arts training because he believed that in order for blacks to obtain leadership skills was through education at a college. One of the biggest disagreements in philosophies between the two men was over the issue of black suffrage. In terms of voting, Dubois believed that agitating for the ballot was necessary, but opposed giving the vote to the uneducated blacks. He believed that economic gains were not secure unless there was political power to safeguard them. Washington, on the other hand, felt that the right to vote was not a necessity and the only thing that would come out of protesting for voting rights is the irritation of whites. In conclusion, the debate between W. E. B Dubois and Washington was nothing short of remarkable and genius. Although both men had two separate ways about doing things they both shared the same common goal, which was bettering the lives of African Americans. In my opinion, W. E.  B Dubois plan to go strongly for African American rights and equality was the better strategy. Not only did he help bring us together but he gave blacks a sense of self confidence that they didn’t possess before. For once blacks believed not only can you be as good as the white man but better. While some may agree that Mr. Washington’s plan to endure the second citizenship title was only degrading and keeping the black man down. Although Washington had honorable goals Dubois gave the people a strong sense of empowerment and worthiness that has helped the black race grows into what it is today.

Children And Adolescents Experience With Peers - 1896 Words

Children and adolescents experience life different ways, whether with family or with peers. The concept of children and adolescents experience with peers is that the children’s interactions with their peers plays a huge role in their development socially. Although this concept is very true and accurate, in some cases, this concept can encounter some issues when applied to everyday situations. Life situations can alter or rearrange the way the concept of children and how they learn from their peers. The article entitled,†Second Grader Brandon Schlund Is a Standout Student in His School—He s Also the Only One†, about a child named Brandon Schlund. Brandon was the only child on his entire island, Bois Blanc Island. The article included a number of interviews from the teacher at the school and Brandon’s parents. They all discussed how he was an amazing child and has the ability to do the things equivalent to those of an adult on the island. It also mentioned that he had cousins that lived in a neighboring city, which was a 45 minute ferry ride away. Brandon only interacted with adults on a daily basis, no children whatsoever. Let me explain why we should be concerned with the development of this boy, if this were to continue for years, Brandon would begin to develop one of two ways; Brandon would either have the mentality of a baby or he would begin to have the mentality of an adult. Brandon could development the mentality of a baby because the adults on t he island would beShow MoreRelatedChildren And Adolescents Experience With Peers2012 Words   |  9 Pages Children and adolescents’ experience life different ways, whether with family or with peers. The concept of children and adolescents experience with peers is that the children’s interactions with their peers plays a huge role in their development socially. 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